The new 20 gismu

["Ivan Derzhanski" <cbmvax!uunet!chaos.cs.brandeis.edu!iad>]

I had promised to help making the new 20 proposed gismu, so here are
my hints and comments, although I do disapprove strongly of the idea
of including most of them in the basic vocabulary.

1. sorgo
   C: The word is actually _liang2_.  _Cao3_ and _he2_ are bogus.
2. magenta
   A: _qirmi:z_.
   R: _fuksin_ is not the colour magenta; it is a kind of red paint.
3. cyan
   C: _qing1_ can mean a vast variety of colours and shades.  It is in
     no way an equivalent to `cyan'.
4. glimmering
   A: _gasaq_, _cafaq_, _fatra_ `twilight', 
     _fajr_, _sah.ar_, _falaq_ `dawn'.
   H: _gaughuli_, _prabha:t_, _bhor_, _jhilmila:ta:_.
   R: what you have is a terribly heterogeneous word salad.
   _Poluten'_, for example, is `half-shade'.  _Mercanie_ is
   `blinking', with no connexion with a time of the day.
5. hemp
   A: _qinnab_.
   H: _caras_.
6. protein
   A: _brutein_.
   H: _lavan._.
7. sorrelgrass, rhubarb, buckwheat
   A: _ri:ba:s._ `rhubarb'.
8. cassava
   A: _ta:byo:ka:_, _ya:m_, _inya:m_.
9. decrease
   A: _anqas._, _qallal_, _xaffad._, _tana:qas._.
   H: _mand_, _ghi:re_, _kam_.
10. procreate
   A: _ansal_, _anjab_, _insa:l_, _antaj_, _tawa:lud_.
   R: _rodit'_ and _rozhdat'_ are two aspects of the same pair,
     meaning `bear'.  `Beget' is _zachat'_.
11. grandparent
   A: _salaf_, _jadd_.
   H: _da:da:_ `F's father', _na:na:_ `M's father'.
   R: the _-ushk-_ is just a suffix.  The roots are _ded_ and _bab_.
12. aunt, uncle, godparent
   A: _9arra:b_ `godfather', _9amm_ `F's brother', _xa:l_ `M's brother'.
   H: _ca:ca:_ `F's brother', _ma:ma:_ `M's brother'.
13. daytime
   A: _naha:r_.
   R: _dnjom_ is just the instrumental case of _den'_.
14. virtue
   A: _fad.i:la_.
16. cabbage
   A: _kurunb_, _malfu:f_, _laha:na_.
   H: _patta:gomi:_.
17. cousin
   H: _cacera:_, _mamera:_, _phuphera:_.
18. Antarctica
   Is called just that.
19. North America and 20. South America
   No language has separate simple words for these two concepts, so I
   suggest that you make them up ad hoc, if you want to have them at
   any rate.
   R: an "i" is missing between the "r" and the "k".

co'omi'e
.iVAN.